Thy hand, great dyarch!*

Dyarchy, or rule by two, historically, is a device that works only for a limited period, if at all. In 1919, the British colonial government decided to hand over some “responsibility” to Indian ministers—largely low-voltage areas such as agriculture and education—while keeping the levers of control in the hands of the viceroy and his men. This they did to keep Indian aspirations and unrest in check. The idea was to associate Indians with power while keeping them away from the substance of it.

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